I just (barely) disabled a player when this shows for their ship:

Size Class Frigate
Weapons Prototype Mech XV
Energy Zero-Point Reactor - Mark IV x2, Transconduit x2, Omicron Injector
Sensors AI Supercomputer
Hull Fermionic Armor, Vortul Plating x2
Shields Harmonic Resonator, Q-Phase Battery Array
Cloaking offline
Defenses Thrust Stabilizer

I have about 2000 attack, 1200 defense, 500 shields, 600 hull. Weapons and Defense probes returned numbers like 1200 attack and 247 defense for the opponent. Yet I burned at least 100 energy (maybe closer to 200) and four or five repair nanodrones in order to get the disable, losing almost every attack along the way. I didn't fight trapped, so that shouldn't be the problem.

Help?

They have a small sized ship, so they cant take as much damage as a much larger ship, which i am presuming you are. The damage calculation is proportional to the deck size and so a frigate wont take as much damage

Additionally, if he had debuffs he recently removed, they may appear as still being on when checked with a probe.

when fighting a small ship class you need very little in the way of weapons and loads of def and energy ie you do the same damage, take less damge yourself and burn a hell of a lot of energy the get the kill.