I have noticed that there is a new mineral out "Aidonium", more valuable than Kuerenite. Yet, I do not have this mineral listed in my list of minerals that I can mine, is this a glitch, or have I not done something to discover or activate it?

Gotta be a specific level before it shows up.

You need to be rank 160 to receive aidonium in a mineral shipment but you can have someone who is above 160 send you one. Once you receive it from another player it will show in your mineral list from then on, but you still won't be able to receive it in one of your mineral shipments until you reach rank 160.